Welsh farmers are increasingly exploring the potential of biomass crops, as demonstrated at a recent Biomass Connect event hosted by the Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS) at Aberystwyth University. The event provided valuable insights into the financial and environmental benefits of biomass crops and their role in sustainable farming.
Attendees included farmers, industry representatives, Welsh Government officials, plant breeders, suppliers, end users, and researchers. Discussions focused on biomass crop options, their integration into farming operations, and emerging market opportunities. A tour of the Biomass Connect demonstration plots at IBERS allowed participants to see different biomass crops in situ and learn about machinery requirements.
The event began with an introduction to Biomass Connect, and a session featuring expert speakers. Chris Johnston (Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute) shared research on using willow for water and nutrient management and fuel production. Walter Simon, a long-term Miscanthus grower, discussed its benefits for land unsuitable for conventional crops and its use as high-quality, traceable bedding for dairy farms. Reg Embleton (ESG Natural Capital) explained the Miscanthus lifecycle, covering planting materials, agronomic support, and a buy-back service for farmers.
A guided tour of the IBERS biomass demonstration plots followed. Chris Ashman, site manager, explained the establishment of biomass crops on former grassland. Attendees examined a two-year-old Miscanthus crop nearing harvest and learned about senescence in Miscanthus, which aids weed control and nutrient recycling. Chris noted that while the leaf material is unsuitable for energy production due to its corrosive properties, the crop’s estimated yield was up to seven tonnes of dry matter per hectare.
Participants also observed cattle being bedded on chopped Miscanthus, prompting discussions on its benefits as a sustainable alternative to traditional bedding materials. Several farmers shared positive experiences using Miscanthus for bedding.
The group then attended a biorefining workshop led by Professor Joe Gallagher (IBERS), who highlighted ongoing research into extracting valuable products from biomass crops. He discussed their potential use in pharmaceuticals, sugar replacements, and prebiotics. Joe also emphasised the potential for residual biomass to serve as an energy-efficient animal feed or fossil fuel substitute.
During a working lunch, discussions centered on the inclusion of biomass crops in Wales’ forthcoming Sustainable Farming Scheme and potential support mechanisms to offset initial establishment costs. Research at IBERS and Biomass Connect has contributed to a best practice guide detailing costs and guidelines for the first two years of biomass crop establishment.
While attendees acknowledged the advantages of biomass crops, concerns were raised about land accessibility for winter harvests, market access, and high initial establishment costs. A roundtable discussion at the end of the day allowed Welsh farmers already growing biomass crops to share experiences and challenges. The consensus was that while biomass crops offer significant diversification opportunities, further support, guidance, and market development are essential for wider adoption.
The event underlined the growing role of biomass crops in sustainable farming, financial stability for farmers, and market expansion for Welsh agriculture. Continued research and collaboration will be key to realising their full potential.
For more information about future events or to learn more about biomass crops, contact Biomass Connect.
